Hot-air and hydrogen balloon
Globo aerostático
- Date
- 1783 · confidence high
- Place
- Annonay and Paris, France
- Credited to
- Joseph-Michel and Jacques-Étienne Montgolfier (hot air); Jacques Charles (hydrogen)
- People
- 👤 Jacques Charles1746–1823👤 Jacques-Étienne Montgolfier1745–1799👤 Joseph Michel
- Field
- Movement
What it is
The first human flight in a hot-air balloon (Pilâtre de Rozier and d'Arlandes, Paris, 21 November 1783) and, ten days later, in Charles's hydrogen balloon. Humanity left the ground for the first time.
First unmanned flight at Annonay (4 June 1783); manned flights in Paris.
What it led to
- Military aerial observation (Fleurus, 1794) and high-altitude meteorology
- Atmospheric science and gas physics
- The imagery of conquering the air; airships (Giffard, 1852)
- The parachute (Garnerin, 1797)
Built on
- Archimedes' principlec. 250 BCE
- Cavendish's hydrogen (1766)
- Lavoisier's gas chemistry
- Fabric and paper from the Montgolfier factory
Made possible
- Parachute (concept)c. 1485 (Leonardo) / 1617 (Veranzio) / 1783 (Lenormand)
- Charles and Robert hydrogen balloon1 de diciembre de 1783
- Military observation balloon (L'Entreprenant, Fleurus)1794
- Frameless parachute1797
- Steam-powered airship1852
- Rigid airship (Zeppelin)1900
- Giffard's airship
- Aerial photography (Nadar, 1858)