🛠️ Invention or technique

Naval gun

Cañón naval

Date
c. 1338 · confidence medium
Place
English Channel (Battle of Arnemuiden), Flanders / England
Credited to
English and French fleets; Yuan/Ming China
Field
Conflict

⚠️ Disputed: the sources disagree.

What it is

The mounting of small artillery pieces on warships; the first recorded use was at Arnemuiden (1338). Marks the start of the shift from boarding to combat at range.

China also mounted gunpowder weapons on ships in the 14th century; the Arnemuiden dating comes from chronicles.

What it led to

  • the gun-armed ships of Iberian expansion and European oceanic superiority
  • gun ports and 16th-century galleons
  • commercial domination by force in the Indian Ocean
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Sources✓ verified 2026-09-25