🛠️ Invention or technique

'Phags-pa script

Escritura 'phags-pa

Date
1269 · confidence high
Place
Beijing, China
Credited to
'Phags-pa Lama, commissioned by Kublai Khan
People
👤 Drogön Chögyal Phagpa1235–1280
Field
Knowledge & symbols

What it is

A square alphabet of Tibetan origin promulgated as the imperial script of the Mongol Empire for writing all languages. It was used on edicts, coins and seals.

It was promulgated by decree in 1269 but never replaced local scripts; it fell with the dynasty in 1368.

What it led to

  • Yuan-dynasty edicts and seals
  • a source for reconstructing late Middle Chinese
  • debate on its influence on Hangul
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Sources✓ verified 2026-11-06