🛠️ Invention or technique

Signal Protocol

Protocolo de señal

Date
2013 · confidence high
Place
San Francisco, California, United States
Credited to
Moxie Marlinspike y Trevor Perrin
Field
Communication

What it is

Cryptographic protocol for end-to-end encryption of messaging and voice calls, created by Open Whisper Systems by combining the Double Ratchet Algorithm with one-time prekeys.

What it led to

  • Adoption by WhatsApp to encrypt the conversations of billions of users
  • Use by Google Messages, Facebook Messenger and Skype in their encrypted modes
  • De facto standard of modern secure messaging
  • Later extension with the post-quantum PQXDH protocol
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Sources✓ verified 2026-09-28