Transgenic mouse by DNA microinjection (Gordon and Ruddle; supermouse)
Ratón transgénico por microinyección de ADN (Gordon y Ruddle; supermouse)
- Date
- 1980-1982 · confidence medium
- Place
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
- Credited to
- Jon W. Gordon, Frank Ruddle and colleagues; Richard Palmiter and Ralph Brinster
- Field
- Life & health
⚠️ Disputed: the sources disagree.
What it is
Gordon and Ruddle injected DNA into the pronucleus of fertilised mouse eggs and obtained animals that integrated it and passed it on. In 1982 Palmiter and Brinster used the rat growth hormone gene to create the “supermice”, twice as large.
There are priority claims: Jaenisch and Mintz (1974) integrated SV40 DNA into mouse embryos (mosaic animals) and Jaenisch obtained germline transmission with retroviruses in 1976; Costantini and Lacy, and Wagner et al. published in 1981 almost simultaneously. The pronuclear microinjection that named the “transgenic mouse” is Gordon's (1980).
What it led to
- animal models of human disease and oncomice
- gene therapy and production of proteins in transgenic milk
- technical basis of CRISPR-edited animals