🔬 Discovery

Łukasiewicz's three-valued logic

Lógica trivalente de Łukasiewicz

Date
1920 · confidence high
Place
Warsaw, Masovia, Poland
Credited to
Jan Łukasiewicz
Field
Knowledge & symbols

⚠️ Disputed: the sources disagree.

What was discovered

A logical system that adds to true and false a third value, 'possible', to handle statements about the contingent future. It is the first formalised many-valued logic.

Emil Post developed many-valued logics almost at the same time (1921). Łukasiewicz was also the creator of Polish notation, of which RPN is the reverse variant.

What it led to

  • many-valued and fuzzy logics
  • the logics of Gödel, Kleene and Post
  • parenthesis-free Polish notation (1924)
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Sources✓ verified 2026-10-09