X-Road (X-tee), Estonia's data-exchange layer
X-Road (X-tee), capa de intercambio de datos de Estonia
- Date
- 2001 · confidence high
- Place
- Tallinn, Harju County, Estonia
- Credited to
- Republic of Estonia (Cybernetica and the Information System Authority)
- Field
- Knowledge & symbols
What it is
A decentralised, encrypted platform through which public and private databases query each other without a central database. It underpins the Estonian state's digital services, with electronic ID mandatory from 2002.
'X-Road' is the English version of X-tee. It was designed by the company Cybernetica and the Estonian public sector; today it is maintained by the Nordic Institute for Interoperability Solutions (NIIS).
What it led to
- digital administration: taxes, health and online services
- the first national online voting (2005)
- adoption by Finland, Iceland and others as a data-exchange platform