Bose-Einstein condensation in dilute gases
Condensado de Bose-Einstein en gases diluidos
- Date
- 1995 · confidence high
- Place
- JILA, Boulder, Colorado, United States
- Credited to
- Eric Cornell; Carl Wieman; Wolfgang Ketterle
- People
- 👤 Carl E. Wieman1951–👤 Eric A. Cornell1961–👤 Wolfgang Ketterle1957–
- Field
- Cosmos & Earth
What was discovered
Rubidium atoms cooled to 170 nanokelvin collapse into a single macroscopic quantum state, the fifth state of matter predicted by Einstein in 1925. Months later Ketterle (MIT) achieves it with sodium and creates the first atom laser.
2001 Nobel Prize for Cornell, Wieman and Ketterle.
What it led to
- Atom lasers and matter-wave interferometry
- Quantum simulators of condensed matter
- Superfluidity in fermionic gases (2003)
- Optical atomic clocks and quantum sensors
Built on
- Rubidium1861
- Bose-Einstein statistics1924
- Laser cooling and trapping of atoms1985-1988
- Laser cooling
- Evaporative cooling in magnetic traps
Made possible
- Laser cooling and trapping of atoms1985-1988
- Atom laser
- Quantum simulators with optical lattices
- Atomic gravimeters