ELIZA, first chatbot
ELIZA, primer chatbot
- Date
- 1966 · confidence high
- Place
- MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
- Credited to
- Joseph Weizenbaum (MIT)
- People
- 👤 Joseph Weizenbaum1923–2008
- Field
- Knowledge & symbols
What it is
Program that simulated a psychotherapist by rephrasing the user's sentences using rules. Its author was alarmed by how emotionally involved people became.
What it led to
- Conversational assistants and ChatGPT
- The ELIZA effect: attributing understanding to machines
- The humanist critique of AI (Weizenbaum)
Built on
- Turing test and the idea of machine intelligence1950
- Time-sharing operating system (CTSS, Multics)1961
- LISP and list processing
- time-sharing system
Made possible
- Voice assistant (Siri) and smart speaker (Amazon Echo)2011-2014
- ChatGPT and conversational AI assistants2022
- voice assistants
- virtual companions