🛠️ Invention or technique

Mackintosh

Date
1823-1824 · confidence medium
Place
Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
Credited to
Charles Macintosh
Field
Tools

⚠️ Disputed: the sources disagree.

What it is

A raincoat made from a rubberized fabric developed by Scottish chemist Charles Macintosh, who waterproofed cloth by laminating two layers with a solution of rubber dissolved in naphtha.

Wikidata's year (1846) is after Macintosh's death (1843); 1823-1824 is used instead, the year of the patent and of the garment's introduction by the brand.

What it led to

  • Industrial waterproof clothing
  • Laminated technical fabrics
  • Vulcanized rubber industry
  • Weatherproof protective equipment
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Made possible

Links

Sources✓ verified 2026-09-28