CRISPR-Cas9 in mammalian cells (Zhang and Church)
CRISPR-Cas9 en células de mamífero (Zhang y Church)
- Date
- enero de 2013 · confidence high
- Place
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
- Credited to
- Feng Zhang (Broad) and George Church (Harvard)
- Field
- Life & health
⚠️ Disputed: the sources disagree.
What it is
In January 2013 the groups of Zhang and Church adapted the bacterial CRISPR-Cas9 system to edit genes in human and mouse cells, with single guide RNAs. The almost simultaneous publication of Cong et al. and Mali et al. opened programmable genome editing in eukaryotes.
Patent priority in eukaryotes is disputed between the Broad (Zhang) and the University of California, Berkeley (Doudna and Charpentier, 2012, in vitro); the US Patent Office sided with the Broad in 2017 and a federal court upheld this in 2018, although the case was sent back in 2022. Cong et al. and Mali et al. appeared in Science in January 2013.
What it led to
- gene editing in any organism in the laboratory at low cost
- patent dispute between the Broad Institute and the University of California (CVC)
- CRISPR gene therapies and the first approval (Casgevy, 2023)