Wireless telegraphy (radio)
Radio / telegrafía sin hilos
- Date
- 1895–1901 · confidence high
- Place
- Villa Griffone, Pontecchio, Bologna, Italy
- Credited to
- Guglielmo Marconi (Bologna 1895, transatlantic 1901); Nikola Tesla (1897 patents); Aleksandr Popov (Saint Petersburg, 1895); Oliver Lodge; Jagadish Chandra Bose
- People
- 👤 Aleksandr Stepánovich Popov1859–1905👤 Guglielmo Giovanni Maria Marconi1874–1937👤 Jagdish Chandra Bose1858–1937👤 Nikola Tesla1856–1943👤 Oliver Joseph Lodge1851–1940
- Field
- Communication
⚠️ Disputed: the sources disagree.
What it is
Transmission of Morse signals by Hertzian waves with an aerial and earth connection, which Marconi carried across the Atlantic in 1901. It freed communication from cables.
The US Supreme Court (1943) annulled Marconi's patents in favour of Tesla, Lodge and Stone; Russia credits priority to Popov (7-5-1895). Bose demonstrated millimetre waves in Calcutta in 1895.
What it led to
- Communication with ships at sea (Titanic, 1912) and maritime safety
- Broadcasting and mass media
- Electronic warfare and modern cryptography
Built on
- Electric telegraph1837
- Maxwell's equations1861-1865
- Electromagnetic (radio) waves1886-1888
- Branly's coherer1890
- Hertz's electromagnetic waves
Made possible
- Cervera's radiotelegraphy (Tarifa-Ceuta and Jávea-Ibiza links)1899-1902
- Telekino (Torres Quevedo's radio control)1902-1906
- Vacuum tube (Fleming diode, De Forest triode)1904–1906
- SOS distress signal1906
- Radio broadcasting1906–1920
- First regular radio broadcast (Los locos de la azotea)27 de agosto de 1920
- Electronic television1927–1936
- Radar1935