Sputnik 1, first artificial satellite
Sputnik 1, primer satélite artificial
- Date
- 1957 · confidence high
- Place
- Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan (USSR)
- Credited to
- Sergei Korolev and OKB-1 (USSR), 4 October 1957
- People
- 👤 Serguéi Koroliov1906–1966
- Field
- Movement
What it is
An 84 kg sphere with a radio transmitter that orbited the Earth emitting a beep audible on any receiver. It demonstrated Soviet capability to reach any point on the planet.
What it led to
- The space race, NASA (1958) and ARPA, from which the internet emerged
- The reform of science education in the West
- Communications, weather, navigation and spy satellites
Built on
- Transistor radio1954
- Orbital launch vehicle and ICBM (R-7 Semyorka)1957
- R-7 rocket
- International Geophysical Year
Made possible
- Laika in orbit (Sputnik 2): first animal in Earth orbit3 de noviembre de 1957
- Explorer 1 and the Van Allen radiation belts1958
- Satellite navigation (Transit)1960
- Weather satellite (TIROS-1)1960
- Corona reconnaissance satellite and orbital capsule recoveryagosto de 1960
- Human spaceflight (Vostok 1) and SK-1 spacesuit1961
- Communications satellite (Telstar 1, Syncom, Intelsat I)1962
- Alouette 1, the first satellite built by a third country29 de septiembre de 1962
- Deep Space Network (DSN)1958-1965
- Astérix and the Diamant launcher (France, third space power)26 de noviembre de 1965
- Gamma-ray bursts (Vela satellites)2 de julio de 1967 (publicado en 1973)
- Uhuru: the first X-ray astronomy satellite12 de diciembre de 1970
- Aryabhata satellite1975
- Global Positioning System (GPS)1978-1995
- KITSAT-1 (Uribyol-1), Korea's first satellite1992
- CubeSat1999-2003
- NASA
- ARPA/ARPANET
- communications satellites